HPMC is extensively utilized in oral, ophthalmic, nasal, and topical formulations. In oral products, HPMC is mainly used as a tablet binder, in film-coating, and as a matrix for extended-release tablet formulations. It can be used as a binder in concentrations of 2% to 5% w/w in both wet- and dry-granulation processes. Additionally, HPMC serves as a suspending and/or thickening agent in liquid oral dosage forms at concentrations ranging from 0.25% to 5.0%. HPMC 2910 and, more commonly, HPMC 2208 are employed to slow the release of drugs from monolithic matrices at levels of 10% to 80% w/w. Depending on the viscosity grade, concentrations between 2% and 25% w/w are utilized for film-forming solutions to coat tablets. Lower-viscosity grades are used in aqueous film-coating solutions, while higher-viscosity grades are employed with organic solvents. HPMC is also utilized as a suspending and/or thickening agent in topical formulations. Compared to methylcellulose, HPMC creates aqueous solutions with greater clarity and fewer undissolved fibers, making it the preferred choice for ophthalmic formulations. It can be added as a thickening agent in eye drop and artificial tear formulations at concentrations between 0.45% and 1.0% w/w. Additionally, it is used commercially in liquid nasal formulations at a concentration of 0.1%. HPMC functions as an emulsifier, suspending agent, and stabilizer in topical gels and ointments. As a protective colloid, it helps to minimize or prevent the coalescence or agglomeration of droplets or particles. HPMC is employed as a film-forming agent in the production of hard-shell capsules, as an adhesive in plastic bandages, and as a wetting agent for hard contact lenses. It is also widely used in cosmetics and food products.